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What does the rule of law (État de droit) guarantee?
Model-written, not yet read by a native reader.
Correct answer: Respect for fundamental rights and for democracy. The État de droit guarantees respect for fundamental rights and for democracy. Independent judges check the public authorities. Everyone is equal before the law. Source: the Ministry of the Interior sheet “État de droit et séparation des pouvoirs : présentation de l’État de droit et principe de la séparation des pouvoirs”.
Sources: Sheet “État de droit et séparation des pouvoirs : présentation de l’État de droit et principe de la séparation des pouvoirs” (French), read on 21 October 2026. Answer written by Hexaciv from this source. Hexaciv is an independent preparation tool. It is not an official website, is not linked to any government body and does not give legal advice. The authoritative source is the Ministry of the Interior's, cited on this page.
The four choices and why
- ✗ Laws that change all the timeDes lois qui changent tout le tempsThe law must be clear and must not change all the time.
- ✗ Rights kept for politicians onlyDes droits réservés aux hommes politiquesEveryone has the same rights and duties, politician or not.
- ✗ State decisions with no control at allUne décision de l’État sans aucun contrôleIndependent judges check the public authorities.
- ✓ Respect for fundamental rights and for democracyLe respect des droits fondamentaux et de la démocratieCorrect answer. The État de droit guarantees respect for fundamental rights and for democracy. Independent judges check the public authorities. Everyone is equal before the law.
What the source says
« Ce système garantit le respect des droits fondamentaux et de la démocratie. »
Sentence copied word for word from the source, in French, read on 21 October 2026.
How it reads on exam day
The exam is in French, so this is the question you will see: « Que garantit l’État de droit ? ». Learn the English idea above and the French words in the options.
This question is on the official list for the resident card (CR). The Ministry's wording: “Que garantit l’État de droit ?”.
Where the Ministry explains it
All 50 “Institutions and politics” questions on the CR list
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