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Who exercises the judicial authority?
Model-written, not yet read by a native reader.
Correct answer: Judges, in the courts. The judicial authority is exercised by judges, in the courts. Justice protects, decides and punishes impartially. There are two orders: ordinary justice and administrative justice. Source: the Ministry of the Interior sheet “État de droit et séparation des pouvoirs : présentation des 3 pouvoirs (2/2)” (in French).
Sources: Sheet “État de droit et séparation des pouvoirs : présentation des 3 pouvoirs (2/2)” (French), read on 21 October 2026. Answer written by Hexaciv from this source. Hexaciv is an independent preparation tool. It is not an official website, is not linked to any government body and does not give legal advice. The authoritative source is the Ministry of the Interior's, cited on this page.
The four choices and why
- ✗ The deputies and senatorsLes députés et les sénateursDeputies and senators vote the laws.
- ✗ The ministers of the GovernmentLes ministres du GouvernementMinisters are part of the Government, which applies the laws and makes sure they are respected.
- ✓ Judges, in the courtsLes juges, dans les tribunauxCorrect answer. The judicial authority is exercised by judges, in the courts. Justice protects, decides and punishes impartially. There are two orders: ordinary justice and administrative justice.
- ✗ The mayor of the communeLe maire de la communeThe judicial authority is exercised by judges and magistrates, not by the mayor.
How it reads on exam day
The exam is in French, so this is the question you will see: « Qui exerce l'autorité judiciaire ? ». Learn the English idea above and the French words in the options.
This question is on the official list for the multi-year residence card (CSP). The Ministry's wording: “L'autorité judiciaire est exercée par :”.
Where the Ministry explains it
Sheet “État de droit et séparation des pouvoirs : présentation des 3 pouvoirs (2/2)” (French).
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