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Does the President of the Republic have all the powers?
Model-written, not yet read by a native reader.
Correct answer: No, Parliament votes the laws. No, the President does not have all the powers. A law must be approved by the National Assembly and the Senate. The separation of powers is a fundamental principle of the 1789 Declaration.
Sources: Sheet “Comment voter une loi (1/2)” (French), read on 21 October 2026. Answer written by Hexaciv from this source. Hexaciv is an independent preparation tool. It is not an official website, is not linked to any government body and does not give legal advice. The authoritative source is the Ministry of the Interior's, cited on this page.
The four choices and why
- ✗ Yes, he decides everything aloneOui, il décide de tout seulThis is not the correct answer: the separation of powers is a fundamental principle of the 1789 Declaration.
- ✗ Yes, he votes the laws and judgesOui, il vote les lois et jugeThis is not the correct answer: the two chambers of Parliament must approve an identical text of law.
- ✗ Yes, he replaces ParliamentOui, il remplace le ParlementThe sheet says the Senate and the National Assembly must approve an identical text of law for it to be applied.
- ✓ No, Parliament votes the lawsNon, le Parlement vote les loisCorrect answer. No, the President does not have all the powers. A law must be approved by the National Assembly and the Senate. The separation of powers is a fundamental principle of the 1789 Declaration.
What the source says
« Les deux chambres parlementaires (le Sénat et l’Assemblée nationale) doivent valider un texte de loi identique pour qu’il soit appliqué. »
Sentence copied word for word from the source, in French, read on 21 October 2026.
How it reads on exam day
The exam is in French, so this is the question you will see: « Le président de la République a-t-il tous les pouvoirs ? ». Learn the English idea above and the French words in the options.
This question is on the official list for the resident card (CR) and for the multi-year residence card (CSP). The Ministry's wording: “Est-ce que le président de la République a tous les pouvoirs ?”.
Where the Ministry explains it
Sheet “Comment voter une loi (1/2)” (French).
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